The month of Muharram, the first in the Islamic lunar calendar, holds deep spiritual and historical significance in Islam. Among the four sacred months mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, Muharram is especially revered for its sanctity, reflection, and remembrance. But why are the days of Muharram important? Let’s explore their meaning, events, and how Muslims worldwide observe them.
Table of Contents
What Is Muharram?
Muharram, derived from the Arabic word “ḥarām” meaning forbidden, is one of the four sacred months in Islam. Fighting and warfare were traditionally prohibited during these months to encourage peace and reflection. It is a time when good deeds are highly rewarded, and sins are more serious.
Significance of the First 10 Days of Muharram
The first ten days of Muharram, particularly the 10th day – Ashura, are the most significant. Here’s why:
1. Ashura (10th Muharram)
Ashura marks multiple events in Islamic history:
- Deliverance of Prophet Musa (Moses A.S.) and his followers from Pharaoh.
- Martyrdom of Imam Hussain (A.S.), the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), in the Battle of Karbala.
- Fasting on this day was observed by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and is still practiced by many Muslims for spiritual rewards.
2. Martyrdom of Imam Hussain (A.S.)
On 10th Muharram, in 61 AH (680 CE), Imam Hussain (A.S.) was martyred on the plains of Karbala by the tyrant ruler Yazid. This tragic event is a cornerstone of Islamic history, symbolizing the fight for justice, truth, and sacrifice.
Why Are the Days of Muharram Important?
- Spiritual Significance: It’s a time for prayer, fasting, and reflection. Muslims seek closeness to Allah by increasing acts of worship and charity.
- Mourning and Remembrance: Shia Muslims, in particular, mourn the tragedy of Karbala, holding majlis (gatherings), noha recitations, and matam.
- Unity and Reflection: The month brings Muslims together, regardless of sect, in remembering Islamic history and upholding its values.
How Do Muslims Observe Muharram?
✦ Fasting:
Many Muslims fast on the 9th and 10th of Muharram or the 10th and 11th. This tradition follows the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who said fasting on Ashura expiates the sins of the previous year (Sahih Muslim).
✦ Majlis and Processions:
Shia communities organize religious gatherings to honor Imam Hussain (A.S.) and recount the events of Karbala.
✦ Charity and Reflection:
Giving to the poor, helping others, and seeking forgiveness are common practices.
Historical Events During Muharram
| Day | Event |
|---|---|
| 1st Muharram | Islamic New Year begins |
| 2nd Muharram | Imam Hussain (A.S.) arrives in Karbala |
| 7th Muharram | Water supply to Hussain’s camp is cut off |
| 10th Muharram (Ashura) | Martyrdom of Imam Hussain (A.S.) |
| 11th-13th | Family of Hussain taken captive |
Lessons from the Days of Muharram
The days of Muharram are not just for mourning—they teach:
- Patience in adversity
- Standing against oppression
- Sacrificing for truth
- Spiritual renewal
Conclusion
So, are the days of Muharram important? Absolutely. They are a powerful reminder of faith, resilience, and justice. Whether through fasting, prayer, or remembrance, these days call upon Muslims to reflect deeply and stand for righteousness, just as Imam Hussain (A.S.) did in Karbala.